Protected structures in bio-farming. Plastic houses, low-tunnels, high tunnels, shade houses, and insect-proof sheds. Novel cladding materials and spectral filters. Greenhouses and their operation. Hydroponics systems for bio-farming. Closed and open culture systems. Hydroponic media. Nutrient film technique. Plug production technology. Good Agricultural Practices and certification system. Mulching technologies. Mechanized cropping. Plant characteristics for mechanised crop production. Seed priming and enhancement. Direct sowing. Zero-tillage systems. New trends in crop production.
