Biotechnology and Animal Health: Rapid biotechnology based diagnostic tests for selected infectious diseases using DNA tools (e.g. PCR, ELISA. Molecular-based typing of pathogens for disease surveillance. Genetic analysis of animal pathogens. Biotech based vaccines. Genomics technology for animal breeding: DNA sequencing, markers for genome analysis. Molecular tools and analytical approaches for the characterisation of farm animal genetic diversity. Transgenic animals as bioreactors for producing pharmaceutically important compounds and therapeutics. Cryopreservation techniques uses: Artificial Insemination and Embryo transfer. GMOs feeds and forages.