The basic anatomy of the thorax and diaphragm will be explored and the way the rib cage moves during ventilation under the influence of various respiratory muscles discussed. The pressures in the pleural cavity and other changes during a ventilatory cycle will be described as will movement and flow in the airways. Gas exchange across the alveoli will be described and effects of altering the various partial pressures of gases explored. Narrowing of the airways and its consequences will be given prominence together with drugs which alter the resistance of the airways. The importance of chronic disease and cyanosis will be emphasised.
