Concept, principles and practices of sustainable crop and animal agriculture. Good Agricultural Practices. Cropping systems for sustainability. Crop-environment interactions. Soil-plant-water interactions. Sustainability of irrigation and water resources. Low External Input Sustainable Agriculture. Organic Agriculture. Seed production for organic cultivation. Agroforestry. Soilless and protected cultivations. Plant biodiversity.Animal-environment interactions. The major livestock production systems of the main domestic animal species. Biological constraints that influence productivity, efficiency of resource use and product quality. Pasture management. Livestock waste management. Farming systems research. Conventional and organic animal production. Issues in organic livestock farming. Integrated Farming. Faunal biodiversity : animal genetic conservation and use.
